Blockage of the urethra due to urinary stones (dogs) and urethral spasms or sludge (cats) might result in an urethrostomy. Urethrostomy is when the surgeon creates a new opening at the urethra to bypass the blockage, if the patient can´t be unblocked. This new permanent opening allows the patient to urinate normally again. Urethrostomy fee at VSO is NOK 30 000,- for dogs and NOK 20 000,- for cats, and includes x-rays taken before surgery if necessary, IV catheter, general anesthesia, pre- and post-op pain medication and collar which has to be used for 2 weeks, until suture removal. Not included in this fee is any follow up appointments as most clients choose to have these done at their local veterinarian.